Shoreline Change

An annual waterline, and a rate for every stretch of your coast.

One high-res pass a year, the waterline taken off it by the same rule each time, and a retreat or accretion rate for each shoreline segment you define.

Spec

GSD
High, 0.5–2 m
Cadence
Annual
Platform
High-res satellite
Spectral
Multispectral
Delivery unit
shoreline segments you define
Formats
GeoPackage or shapefile for lines, CSV for rates
Output
waterline layer and a rate per segment
01

The files

The first delivery covers the first pass. Each year after that adds a new waterline and updates the rates.

Annual waterline layer

Format
GeoPackage or shapefile
What's in it
One line per year along your defined stretch, extracted from that year's pass by the same optical rule every time. Each line carries the date of the image it came from, so it drops into a shoreline change workflow that wants a date on every shoreline. Lands in your GIS and your hazard mapping.

Segment rate table

Format
CSV
What's in it
One row per shoreline segment you define: segment ID, retreat or accretion rate in metres per year, and the years the rate rests on. Joins to your segment layer on the ID. Lands in the setback line review and the coastal management plan file.

Segment layer

Format
GeoPackage or shapefile
What's in it
Your segments as you drew them, returned with the rate attached, for mapping the pattern along the coast at a glance.

Multi-year comparison

Format
GeoPackage and CSV
What's in it
Once repeated passes accumulate, the waterlines are stacked per segment and the rate is recalculated over the longer record. The record builds forward with each annual pass.

Method note

Format
PDF
What's in it
A short note giving the extraction rule, the image dates used, any year with cloud or a high tide state at capture, and the segments where the line was hard to place. It goes into the file with the rates, so the next planner can see how they were made.
02

How it works

  1. In

    You supply the stretch

    The coastal stretch as a line or polygon, and your shoreline segments, as a GeoPackage or shapefile. If you already hold a baseline and transects, send them too.

  2. Process

    We source the pass

    High-res multispectral imagery for the stretch, once a year.

  3. Process

    We extract the waterline

    The same optical rule is applied to every year's image, and change is measured between years along each segment.

  4. Out

    What comes back

    The waterline layer, the segment rate table, the segment layer and the method note, in formats that open in QGIS or ArcGIS.

  5. Repeat

    Next year

    The new pass is added to the same record and the rates are updated.

03

Limits

The waterline is the line on the day
It sits where land met water at capture, and tide state at that moment moves it up or down the beach. It is not tied to a tidal datum such as mean high water, and no tidal correction of the kind a field survey applies has been made. Read rates as comparisons from year to year.
0.5–2 m is the floor
At 2 m a single pixel covers a lot of beach. Change of a pixel or two between passes will not show, so a short interval on a slow-moving shore can read as no change. Rates firm up over several passes.
Cloud decides the pass
A cloudy window can force a later or poorer image for that year, and the method note records which.
Low-contrast shores
A very gradual beach, a mudflat or a vegetated edge gives the extraction little to work with, so the line is less certain there. Those segments carry a flag.
Annual only
One pass a year. A storm does not trigger a new line, and a cliff fall between passes appears at the next one.
Observed, not forecast
The rate is the change that happened between passes. Where the line will be in decades is a separate question, and the files do not answer it.
04

Why this exists

The shoreline behind your setback line review was probably digitised from old aerial photographs, then joined to beach profiles walked at a few sites. Different methods, different years, so a rate across the whole frontage mixes surveys never made to be compared. A repeat ground survey of the full stretch means a contractor, a tender and a season of waiting, and the plan review date stays where it is.

05

Who it's for

For

  • Coastal planners and coastal GIS analysts at regional authorities who want a repeatable rate along a stretch for a setback review or an erosion hazard layer.
  • Teams that want the same method applied to the same coast every year, so one year can be set against the last.

Not for

  • Teams that require a certified engineering or survey-grade shoreline. That is a field survey.
  • Erosion forecasts or future shoreline positions. The files report what was observed.
  • Storm-event response or seasonal beach monitoring, since the cadence is annual.
  • Beach volume or profile change. The files carry the horizontal position of the waterline and nothing vertical.
06

Questions from planners and analysts

Does this replace an engineering topographic survey?

No. It is a repeatable waterline extraction from imagery. A survey gives you vertical detail and datum-referenced positions that imagery cannot.

How is the waterline defined?

By one optical rule applied the same way every year. It is the edge in the image at capture, with no correction to a tidal datum.

What is the resolution limit?

0.5–2 m GSD. Change of a pixel or two between passes will not show, and a low-contrast shore may extract less well.

How often is it updated?

Once a year. Storms and seasons are outside it.

Do cloud and tide affect it?

Yes, both. Cloud can push the pass later, and the tide at capture moves where the line falls. The method note records them for each year.

Can it feed our own shoreline change analysis?

The waterline layer carries a date on every line and the rates arrive as a CSV. If you run your own baseline and transects, send them and the change can be measured along them.

How do we check it against our own data?

Every line carries its image date, so you can lay it over a ground survey or profile from the same period and see the gap. Tell us where your ground data sits when the stretch is scoped.

Who owns what you deliver?

Use and ownership terms are set in the contract before work starts. The imagery behind the lines keeps its own licence.

How is it priced?

Each stretch is scoped and quoted on its own: length of coast, number of segments and how many years you want going forward. You get a written scope for procurement.

Send us the stretch and we'll scope the segments.

Get started

Or ask about your coastline in the .